Medications That Affect Oral Health Centerville, OH
It is important to consider the oral-systemic link and understand how medications you are taking can affect your oral health. When deciding whether or not to perform a procedure or prescribe medication, we take a couple of things into account. Though it is easy to think of the mouth as an isolated ecosystem, the medications you take to help regulate other body systems can play a role in your oral health.
To better understand this connection, our team at Dr. Angy Mounir-Toufils D.M.D. in Centerville is here to help. Call us at (937) 329-9890 to learn more about our services or schedule an appointment.
Cancer Medications
Certain medications used as a part of cancer treatment could affect a patient's oral health. Many cancer medications, including chemotherapy, are notorious for causing symptoms such as dry mouth (xerostomia), mucositis (sores), and taste changes. A dry mouth, in particular, is an environment that is more vulnerable to the overgrowth of bacteria, which cause tooth decay, infections, or gum disease.
This is why a dentist needs to know if a patient is receiving cancer medicine. Patients who are experiencing oral side effects from cancer medications should inform their doctor and dentist. We may be able to help by prescribing a saliva substitute.
“Dry mouth, in particular, is an environment that is more vulnerable to the overgrowth of bacteria, which cause tooth decay, infections, or gum disease.”
Behavior or Mood-Altering Drugs
Psychoactive medications refer to drugs that change the brain's function and alters a person's perception, mood, cognition, consciousness, or behavior. These medications include, but are not limited to, antidepressants, anti-anxiety, stimulants, antipsychotics, and mood stabilizers. Behavior and mood-altering drugs can cause dry mouth syndrome and increase the risk of tooth deterioration.
Dry mouth syndrome leads to tooth decay, tooth loss, and gum disease because of reduced saliva production. According to Better Health, lack of sufficient saliva production inhibits saliva from:
- Reducing the population of bacteria in the mouth
- Neutralizing mouth acids that cause tooth decay
- Re-mineralizing, which repairs tooth enamel (the hard surface layer that protects the tooth) that has been damaged by acids
- Clearing food particles from the teeth and gums
“Behavior and mood-altering drugs can cause dry mouth syndrome and increase the risk of tooth deterioration.”
Medication for Diabetes
Diabetes medications can alter a patient's sense of taste, known as dysgeusia. According to WebMD, dysgeusia can make food taste different or cause a metallic, salty, or bitter taste in your mouth. Taste changes can lead to insufficient nutrition due to a lack of taste and appetite, which may increase oral conditions.
Periodontal disease is the most common dental disease affecting those living with diabetes, affecting nearly 22% of those diagnosed. With age, diabetic patients experience poor blood sugar control, increasing their risk of gum disease that can also affect their ability to control blood sugar levels. Gum problems make diabetes harder to control because the patient is more susceptible to infection but less able to fight it. Treating the gums, applying a meticulous oral regimen, and having regular professional deep-cleanings can help curb and even prevent oral conditions and stabilize blood sugar levels.
“Gum problems make diabetes harder to control because the patient is more susceptible to infection but less able to fight it.”
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Regulatory Medications
Many other prescription medications that regulate chronic medical conditions can also impact patients' oral health.
Here are just a few examples:
- Cardiovascular medications: Medications such as calcium channel blockers can cause a condition known as gingival hyperplasia, or gingival enlargement, which can contribute to the development of gum disease.
- Seizure medications: One of the most notorious side effects of the seizure medication known as phenytoin (Dilantin) is also gingival hyperplasia.
- Thyroid medications: Because they can alter the production of thyroid hormones, thyroid medications can cause many changes to a patient’s oral health, including changes in saliva production, tongue size, and gum tissue.
- Osteoporosis medications: The bisphosphonate medication class, which treats osteoporosis, can cause a serious condition known as osteonecrosis of the jaw.
- Anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications: Medications that thin the blood, such as warfarin or clopidogrel, can cause bleeding of the gums, particularly when flossing.
Our team is skilled in performing a complete assessment of patients' oral health, taking into account the role that prescription medications play in the symptoms they are experiencing.
“Medications that are used to thin the blood, such as warfarin or clopidogrel, can cause bleeding of the gums, particularly when flossing.”
Questions Answered on This Page
Q. How can psychoactive medications result in tooth loss?
Q. How is diabetes affected by oral hygiene?
Q. How do cancer medications affect oral health?
Q. How do regulatory medications affect oral health?
Q. How can I keep my mouth healthy while on medication?
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How to Keep Your Mouth Healthy While on Medication
For patients on a medication that affects their oral health, it is especially paramount that they follow disciplined dental hygiene measures. The American Dental Association recommends the following practices to maintain optimal oral health:
- Obtain regular, professional dental care
- Use a manual, powered, or ultrasonic toothbrush twice a day
- Use dental floss daily
For patients who are on cancer medication, in particular, the American Society of Clinical Oncology recommends the following additional tips:
- Gently brush twice daily, potentially using a soft child-sized brush or a soft brush that has been soaked in warm water.
- Avoid irritating foods and sugar intake to reduce the risk of infection or decay.
- Ensure they are getting an adequate supply of vitamin D and calcium to fortify the teeth and bones.
“Gently brush twice daily, potentially using a soft child-sized brush or a soft brush that has been soaked in warm water.”
Frequently Asked Questions About Medications Linked to Dental Health
Q. What can I do to improve my oral health while taking psychotropic medications?
A. Once you are aware of the connection between your medications and your oral health, you can make changes to your routine that can positively impact your dental condition. According to the Oral Health Foundation, changes as simple as reducing your sugar intake, and brushing with fluoride toothpaste, can help mitigate the impact of your medications.
Q. What kinds of heart medications can cause changes in my gum tissue?
A. The most common cardiovascular medication that contributes to gum changes is known as a calcium channel blocker. Examples of calcium channel blockers include verapamil, amlodipine, and nifedipine. If you are noticing changes in your gums from a medication, your dentist may be able to discuss an alternative medication with your physician.
Q. What types of medications affect oral health?
A. Many different types of medications affect the oral cavity. It also largely depends on the form and dosage. Among them are antihistamines, decongestants, painkillers, high blood pressure medications, muscle relaxants, drugs for urinary incontinence, Parkinson's disease medications, and antidepressants.
Q. What can my dentist do if I am taking a medicine that affects my oral health?
A. Your total health dentist considers your oral-systemic connection when conducting assessments of your oral health. If you are taking a medicine that impacts your oral health, your dentist may be the first clinician to identify this. If we do so, we will work with your prescribing physician to make changes or adjustments as needed. We can also consider medications, such as saliva substitutes to help with symptoms.
Q. Does the dentist work with primary care doctors to alter medications?
A. Patients who require treatment may need to alter their medications in order to undergo the procedure. We can communicate with your doctor to suggest certain medications that are safer or measures to take until you recover from the procedure. We can also work with you on questions to ask your doctor about oral medications.
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Dental Terminology
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If you are interested in better understanding complete health dentistry and effects of medication, call us at 937-329-9890 to set up an appointment.
Helpful Related Links
- American Dental Association (ADA). Glossary of Dental Clinical Terms. 2025
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